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| Diez-de-Medina,Sergio; Silva,Herman. |
| In Peach (Prunus persica) several physiological changes, such as woolliness, triggered by chilling injury are involved in major production losses due to cold storage of the fruits during shipping. Additionally, the low level of polymorphisms among peach varieties is an important limitation in the search for new molecular markers that could be associated with economically important traits. Therefore, a functional approach was employed to associate candidate genes with an informative marker in peach. The data was obtained from the results of an in silico analysis of four different cold peach treatments. Thirty two candidate genes were selected that were aligned against Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences to design intron-flanking EST-PCR markers. These... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Bin mapping; Molecular markers; Prunus; Rosaceae. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000500007 |
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| Carrasco,Basilio; Meisel,Lee; Gebauer,Marlene; Garcia-Gonzales,Rolando; Silva,Herman. |
| This review is an overview of traditional and modern breeding methodologies being used to develop new Prunus cultivars (stone fruits) with major emphasis on peach, sweet cherry and Japanese plum. To this end, common breeding tools used to produce seedlings, including in vitro culture tools, are discussed. Additionally, the mechanisms of inheritance of many important agronomical traits are described. Recent advances in stone fruit transcriptomics and genomic resources are providing an understanding of the molecular basis of phenotypic variability as well as the identification of allelic variants and molecular markers. These have potential applications for understanding the genetic diversity of the Prunus species, molecular marker-assisted selection and... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
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| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602013000300001 |
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| Mestanza,Camilo; Riegel,Ricardo; Silva,Herman; Vásquez,Santiago C. |
| Background Currently, the technology called Clearfield® is used in the development of crops resistant to herbicides that inhibit the enzyme acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS, EC 2.2.1.6). AHAS is the first enzyme of the biosynthetic pathway that produces the branched-chain of the essential amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine. Therefore, multiple copies of the AHAS gene might be of interest for breeding programs targeting herbicide resistance. In this work, the characterization of the AHAS gene was accomplished for the Chenopodium quinoa Regalona-Baer cultivar. Cloning, sequencing, and Southern blotting were conducted to determine the number of gene copies. Results The presence of multiple copies of the AHAS gene as has been shown previously in... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Acetohydroxyacid synthase; Acetolactate synthase; Chenopodium quinoa; Homeologous pairing; Gene duplication. |
| Ano: 2015 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000600002 |
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| Balbontín,Cristián; Ayala,Héctor; M. Bastías,Richard; Tapia,Gerardo; Ellena,Miguel; Torres,Carolina; Yuri,José Antonio; Quero-García,José; Ríos,Juan Carlos; Silva,Herman. |
| Rain-induced cracking in fruits of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a problem in most producing areas of the world and causes significant economic losses. Different orchard management practices have been employed to reduce the severity of this problem, although a complete solution is not yet available. Fruit cracking is a complex phenomenon and there are many factors that seem to be involved in its development. During the last decade, genomic and biochemical approaches have provided new insights on the different mechanisms that could be involved in the differential susceptibility shown by commercial cultivars. For instance, sweet cherry genome and transcriptome sequencing information have provided new opportunities to study the expression and structure of... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Physiology; Functional genomics; RNA seq. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392013000100010 |
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| Escobar,Hugo; Bustos,Richard; Fernández,Felipe; Cárcamo,Henry; Silva,Herman; Frank,Nicolás; Cardemil,Liliana. |
| We analyzed the mitigating effect of NO3 - and salicylic acid (SA) on the detrimental effects of salt stress by studying the water status of plants of maize grown in Hoagland's medium with NaCl 100 mM as the saline component, to which SA and NO3 - were added in different concentrations as mitigating agents. We evaluated water potential Ψw, osmotic potential Ψs, relative water content (RWC), turgor potential (Ψp ), and the osmotic adjustment (OA) of leaves and roots. SA 0.5 mM mitigated the effects of salinity by increasing the Ψw of the leaf, the Ψsof theroot, the Ψpof the leaf, RWC and OA of the leaf; while NO3 was only effective in combination with SA, mitigating the effects of salinity by increasing... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Nitrate; Osmotic potential; Osmotic adjustment; Salinity mitigation; Salicylic acid; Water potential; Water relative content. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202010000300006 |
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| Diez-de-Medina Roldán,Sergio; Silva,Herman; Jeblick,Wolfgang; Nowik,Isabella; Modigell,Michael; Neuhaus,H. Ekkehard; Conrath,Uwe. |
| Background: Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important sources of carbohydrates in human diet. Because of its high carbohydrate levels it recently has also received attention in biohydrogen production. To exploit the natural variation of potato with respect to resistance to major diseases, carbohydrate levels and composition, and capacity for biohydrogen production we analyzed tubers of native, improved, and genetically modified potatoes, and two other tuberous species for their glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch content. Results: High-starch potato varieties were evaluated for their potential for Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus-mediated biohydrogen production with Desirée and Rosita varieties delivering the highest biohydrogen... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Biohydrogen; Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus; Carbohydrates; Natural variation; Phytophthora infestans; Potato. |
| Ano: 2013 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582013000600002 |
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| Silva,Herman; Sagardia,Susana; Ortiz,Mauricio; Franck,Nicolás; Opazo,Marcela; Quiroz,Madeleine; Baginsky,Cecilia; Tapia,Cristián. |
| The effects of water availability were evaluated on the photosynthetic tissue anatomy in Aloe vera(L) Burm f. and its relationship with morphological, physiological parameters, and water use efficiency as a function of aerial biomass and gel production. Plants were subjected to four levels of water availability equivalent to 20% (T1), 15% (T2), 10% (T3), and 5% (T4) of the atmospheric evaporative demand. The plants exhibited anatomical, morphological, and physiological responses to the different watering treatments. The extreme treatments produced negative responses due to excess water in T1 and water deficit in T4. Treatments T2 and T3 elicited positive responses in cell characteristics and productivity. Anatomical and structural characteristics were... |
| Tipo: Journal article |
Palavras-chave: Anatomical adaptations; Biomass production; Growth; Stomata. |
| Ano: 2014 |
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2014000100012 |
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